Brethren Archive
The Year 1897

A New and Concise Bible Dictionary (Morrish Bible Dictionary) - Part 2

by George Morrish




Comments:
Fred said ...
Finally, after nearly 77 years on earth HE has led me to come upon this excellent 466 pages.
Friday, May 5, 2023 : 15:24
C Gribben said ...
Some material by Darby is included in this dictionary without attribution - see the article on "Atonement," which was published as a separate tract by Morrish and attributed to JND.

The article on creation is interesting, too - gap theory and day-age theory are advanced as possible readings of Genesis 1 - no advocacy of young earth "creation science" views.
Friday, May 5, 2023 : 16:47
Samuel said ...
Has a list of chief contributors to this Morrish Dictionary ever emerged?
It would be great if this could be found
Friday, May 5, 2023 : 17:59
Nick Fleet said ...

The current KBT edition states that it was first published in 1899, but maybe some parts were released earlier? (I seem to recall that I once found a reference internally to "last year (18??)" - a prize for the first pereson to find it !).

I had heard that the main compiler was George Morrish (1819-1912) and his daughter Hannah (1848-1945), put together over about 10 years, with regular visits to museums and the British Library in London.

It should not be a surprise that young earth creationism does not feature as this is a relatively recent view, especially from the 1960s onwards.

Chapter Two advertises it thus: " Contributors include E. L. Bevir, J. N. Darby & J. A. Trench and other gifted men. Perhaps the single best volume to come from the Geo. Morrish publishing house apart from their Bible editions. No Bible reader’s library should be without it. Now also available in Russian."  I understand that Edwin Cross was provided with some information by Everard Morrish many years ago.

Saturday, May 6, 2023 : 02:18
Tom said ...
I've added Part 1.
Saturday, May 6, 2023 : 03:02
Mark said ...

With regard to the mention of "Creation Science" above. As pointed out, "young earth creationism" is something that has come about much more recently. J N Darby, William Kelly, F W Grant, and most leaders in the "Plymouth Brethren" held the "Gap Theory." 

The Bible is not a science textbook. However, the theory of evolution is not only pressed by those who deny the very existence of God, but also is incompatible with the Bible's doctrine concerning man, especially in respect of his true constitution. Man, in the sense of Genesis 1 verse 27 and chapter 2 verse 7, is a moral and spiritual being consisting of body, soul, and spirit. Of this, man's tripartite nature, evolution takes no account. 

The thing that concerns me is that "Creation Science" has become a belief system such that nowadays all are being compelled to accept it even though many of its explanations are hypotheses, suggested possibilities, and in some cases, scriptures are misapplied. 

This does not mean that I force the "Gap Theory" on anyone but simply accept that the universe owes its existence to a Creator God. The early chapters of Genesis set the scene for the whole Bible, the heavens and the earth in terms of God's purpose with regard to men, but particularly in the Old Testament, Israel and the nations on earth. 

I am not sufficiently knowledgeable on the subject to argue with "evolutionists" in an attempt to refute their reasoning, and convince them otherwise. I believe evolution to be wrong, and dangerously so, but anyone claiming that "evolution is only a theory" immediately proves their ignorance of the definition of the word "theory", thereby reducing their persuasive powers to zero. Nor will absurd notions help. 

Sunday, May 7, 2023 : 16:46
Rodger said ...
Some interesting things I have been told about Morrish’s dictionary:

-An older brother told me there was a larger edition (less “concise”), comprising four volumes, but it was lost when the British Library was bombed. I have never found anyone who can confirm this, and wonder how few copies there were if it was lost so easily.

-FE Raven’s son (Edward?) was a major player in the putting together of this dictionary.

-In the BTP edition, the entry for “The Lord’s Supper” has had a few words removed, which can be clearly seen by the long blank space. In the original edition it reads, “It is introductory to the assembly’s proper privilege…” The words “introductory to” are absent in the later edition, demarcating the difference of understanding between groups of “brethren.”
Monday, May 8, 2023 : 03:47
Greg said ...
Extract from Reid, J - F W Grant, His Life, Ministry and Legacy (1995) p.85

"Mr Raven was a very intelligent person with a great mind. Mr P Daniel Loizeaux told the writer that Raven edited Morrish's New and Concise Bible Dictionary, going over every statement. Many brethren consider this the best of any Bible Dictionary. Mr Samuel Ridout said on one occasion that he had read all of Raven's writings and found little he could not agree with. Mr Raven, as following in Darby's steps, was wholly given to the teachings of the Brethren. However, his daughter did marry a Church of England clergyman."
Wednesday, May 10, 2023 : 03:38
John said ...
Mark,

I think early "Brethren" held to "gap" theory because of geology and the seemingly long periods required since the formation of the Earth to the present day. There were genuine attempts to show how science and the Bible could fit together (see for instance Walter Scott's Bible Handbook). The problem here is that commonly held understandings of geology can be challenged - a helpful DVD called "Set in Stone" by two Christian geologists (at least one is FGS) runs through William Hutton's observations at Siccar Point on the East Coast of Scotland, and ultimately compares them with Mam Tor in Derbyshire to show that they are not necessarily correct - by Hutton's method, Mam Tor would be many times older than the rest of Britain.

Fossils are also interesting - they are used to date the rock, but the rock is also used to date the fossil, and rather than being formed over a lengthy period of years, they must have been formed by cataclysmic events or the fossilised matter would have rotted away leaving no fossil. I suspect that David Rosevear's Fossil Museum in Plymouth would be a worthwhile visit.

I think it is in more recent times that Darwin's theory of Evolution (or perhaps rather developments from it) has been more aligned with geology, and is now seen by many as part of a continuum.

My understanding of "theory" in a scientific context is that it is a commonly accepted explanation, but still not proven (very distinct from a "hypothesis"). I do think that we need to be careful with the use of the word "evolution" also. Its scientific meaning is the change of one species into something quite different, as distinct from what we could call "adaptation" where e.g. a part of the body may adjust to different use - like thumbs in the age of text messaging on Nokia 'phones.

A good few years ago I met a brother who ran a Christian school, and raised the issue of teaching evolution. His response was that it was quite simple - he would teach the theory of evolution and the theory of creation, and would also demonstrate that evidence can point different ways depending upon the context.

I don't know whether I hold to Creation Science or not, but I do see it as showing that there are other ways that the evidence can be put together and lead to different conclusions than the majority of the scientists appear to hold.
Friday, May 12, 2023 : 14:14
Mark said ...

John

I mentioned something on "Creation Science" since alluded to in an earlier comment, though more was perhaps said than intended. I have no mind to into it in detail.  

To press that the universe is 6000 years old is to put a stumbling block before many. The mathematical calculations based on scientific observations point to a very distant past. The Bible simply opens with the words, 'In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth' (Gen 1:1 KJV). 

I said earlier that I do not force the "Gap Theory" and have reservations myself about some of the explanations given in its support. 

In that known as "Creation Science" are theories too, possible explanations, but some seem little more than guesswork, that with which evolutionists are charged. 

My chief concern is supposed scriptural evidence against "death of animals before sin" to be found in such verses as Romans 5 verse 12, chapter 6 verse 23, 1 Corinthians 15 verse 21, and 2 Timothy 1 verse 10. The first of these states, 'And so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned.'  This cannot be applied to animals! Justice meted out on sinning animals? "Upon all men" is what it says. As to the second, eternal life for animals? The third, the resurrection of animals? And the last, life and immortality for animals? 

Genesis 1 must be understood as setting the scene for all that follows in terms of the Bible dealing with man (adam or anthropos) as a moral being, and importantly, as having a spiritual component. 

We do not read about the creation of angels, but, as is the main point of the Bible, the creation of and God's purpose regarding man. The 'sons of God' - angels it is assumed - mentioned in Job 38 verses 4 to 7 were already in existence when the foundations of the earth were laid, and at a similar moment, the morning stars sang together for joy.

I think the brother who ran the "Christian school" wise, although he would not endorse the theory of evolution of course. 

Enough said on this since my main reason for returning to the website today is to try and find out where I can obtain a copy of the book by J Reid about F W Grant to which Greg above refers. That said by Mr Samuel Ridout is rather interesting. 

Friday, May 12, 2023 : 17:20
Steve H said ...
Hi All,

I have a much later single volume of :-

A NEW AND CONCISE BIBLE DICTIONARY,

EMBRACING SOME SPECIAL FEATURES TO WHICH ARE ADDED SOME NEW TESTAMENT SYNONYMS

LONDON - G MORRISH, 114 CAMBERWELL ROAD S.E.

I was given it in 1976, which is a very useful book, containing 877 pages.

For more in-depth reference, I have a five volume set of:-

THE INTERNATONAL STANDARD BIBLE ENCYCLOPAEDIA, which has over 3,500 pages.

This is an American publication - WM. B. EERDMANS PUBLISHING CO. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

Reprinted in March 1978.

All very useful "tools" for serious study.

Have a good weekend.

Regards,

Steve H.





Saturday, May 13, 2023 : 03:12
Rodger said ...
Hi Mark,

Looks like you can get it from Gospel Folio (maybe John Ritchie on your side of the pond?), and Amazon. I remember it having a few bits of anecdotal interest, but otherwise not helping fill out the picture of FW Grant very much.
Saturday, May 13, 2023 : 12:47
Jason said ...
I have both original hardback Volumes Parts 1 & 2. I have no idea of the value or original dates of publishing? Can anyone help?
Thursday, Aug 22, 2024 : 02:16
C Gribben said ...
The article on dispensations is interesting, too: only THREE are listed, again showing how 19th century brethren understood redemptive history in ways that sometimes contrasted quite sharply with later Scofield Bible-type interpretations.

The dictionary's tripartite dispensational structure coincides with Anstey's definition of "dispensations" (https://www.bibletruthpublishers.com/dispensations/stanley-bruce-anstey/doctrinal-definitions/bruce-anstey/la156110) and is more forcefully argued in Reintgen's "How to better understand the Bible."
Thursday, Aug 22, 2024 : 18:23
Syd said ...
If I may just go back to creation. The young-earth creationists contend that God would never create living creatures on layers of fossils—DEATH! For them it’s all new and fresh; a young earth. But is being born again not something new that God has created out of death that passed upon all men? If after the six days’ creation God saw that everything that He had made was very good, then it was just that—very good!

FW Grant in his “Creation in Genesis and in Geology” asserts this grand truth—“The agents in the six days' work are the Spirit and Word of God. "The Spirit of God moved [or brooded] upon the face of the waters; and God said." This language is anthropomorphic, if you will; we have spoken of that before. God, if He would gain man's ear, must use man's language. But the terms are simple enough as to their import. In the first place, it is no natural birth, this genesis. Just as the Spirit; and Word unite in order to give life—true life to man individually, so the Spirit and Word unite here in order that there may be a renewal of the face of the earth.”
Friday, Aug 23, 2024 : 02:53
Steve Noble said ...
I have only scanned the above, so apologies if I am repeating what others have said on creation.
There is some justification in the charge that those who promoted the 'gap theory' did so as somewhere to put the millions of years that geology demanded. This is mixing Biblical exegesis with speculation (always a bad idea). Personally, I have no doubt at all that the Bible teaches that there is a gap between Gen. 1: 1 and 1: 2, but the assertion that it could incorporate millions of years has no biblical basis. Those who attack the 'gap theory' generally equate it with an argument for millions of years, but the 'gap' as taught by Scripture says nothing about millions of years.
It also needs to be said that the six-day creationists have great problems in fitting the creation of the angels and the fall of Satan (and other angels) into their tight time-frame. There is not space to go into this here, but I would merely observe that the term 'Spirit of God' in Gen. 1: 2 is relative and implies the presence of other spirits.
Finally, as one of the contributors has indicated already, Christians also need to be careful about their terminology. Scientists (and the media) use 'evolution' to cover everything from micro to macro-evolution, and often use real scientific evidence of micro-evolution to assert macro-evolution. Believers who simply say "I don't believe in evolution" need to be aware of these nuances. Micro-evolution does occur in the sense of gradual change within "kinds" (see Gen. 6: 20) in response to (for example) environmental change. Macro-evolution in which one "kind" changes into another (the classic monkey to man change) is nonsense. It also needs to be said that there is much scientific uncertainty over what defines a 'species' (in the bird world there are lumpers and splitters!) and that the biblical word "kind" does not necessarily equate to 'species'.
I also think it needs to be remembered that 'creation science', while of interest, is not intrinsically Christian. Jews, Muslims, JWs etc. are all interested in creation science. Nor does winning the argument on 'creation science' with unbelieving opponents necessarily lead them to Christ. The same applies to the 'intelligent design' debate - belief in God is not the same as faith in a Saviour God.
Friday, Aug 23, 2024 : 15:57


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